Welcome to MedGuide’s premedical series of content.  Here you will find a collection of videos and MCQs. Make your own notes, at your own pace, with the videos and then have a crack at the questions – don’t worry, all questions are answerable from the video content.  Best of luck! 

  1. Outline the constituents of blood

  2. Discuss the lineage differences of cells undergoing haematopoiesis

  3. Discuss the functional diversity of myeloid and lymphoid cell lineages 

  4. Outline the key parts of the innate immune response

  5. Outline the key parts of the adaptive immune response

PreMed Part Five

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Question 1
The buffy coat contains 
A
Red blood cells
B
Splenic epithelium
C
Eosinophils
D
Calcium
E
Plasma
Question 1 Explanation: 
The Buffy coat contains an abundance of white blood cells and platelets
Question 2
Which is not a constituent of the formed elements?
A
Eosinophil
B
Basophil
C
Red blood cell
D
Sodium
E
Platelets
Question 2 Explanation: 
Electrolytes are constituents of the plasma and are not formed elements.
Question 3
Which of the below options best defines the function of platelets?
A
Carrier of oxygen
B
Carrier of carbon dioxide
C
Phagocyte
D
Structural support to the epithelium of the gastric mucosa
E
Haemostasis
Question 3 Explanation: 
Haemostasis (blood-stopping) is comprised of several parts - one of which is the arresting of bleeding through the "platelet plug" literally plugging the hole in the vessel.
Question 4
What is sat at the top of a fractionated test tube of serum?
A
Platelets
B
White cells
C
Electrolytes
D
Red blood cells
Question 5
Where does haematopoiesis mostly occur in the adult?
A
Yolk sac
B
Bone marrow
C
Cortex of bone
D
The kidney
E
The liver
Question 6
Which of the below is a myeloid cell?
A
T helper cell
B
Plasma cell
C
Memory B lymphocyte
D
NK cell
E
Mast cell
Question 7
Which of the below is a lymphoid cell?
A
NK cell
B
Mast cell
C
RBC
D
Neutrophil
E
Macrophage
Question 8
Which is not a granulocyte?
A
Neutrophil
B
Basophil
C
Mast cell
D
Eosinophil
Question 8 Explanation: 
Think BEN the granule = basophil, eosinophil and neutrophil.
Question 9
A cell vital in carbon dioxide transport is termed 
A
Mast cell
B
Tc cell
C
Plasma cell
D
Red blood cell
E
Platelet
Question 10
Small lymphocytes differentiate further into which of the below options?
A
NK cell
B
Granulocytes
C
Platelets
D
Memory cell
E
Red blood cell
Question 11
Which of the below regions include a maturation site of a class of lymphocyte?
A
Thyroid
B
Thymus
C
Bone cortex
D
Kidney
E
Spleen
Question 11 Explanation: 
T cells mature in the thymus, B cells in the bone marrow
Question 12
Which of the below is the best definition of an antibody?
A
Transporter of carbon dioxide
B
Transporter of dietary iron that has been absorbed
C
Marker on a pathogen
D
A class of antibody
E
Molecule secreted from plasma cells
Question 13
Which lymphocyte class releases antibodies?
A
Memory cell
B
NK cell
C
Tc cell
D
Th cell
E
Plasma cell
Question 14
Which lymphocyte class is directly cytotoxic?
A
Plasma cell
B
Memory cell
C
Platelet
D
Neutrophil
E
Tc cell
Question 14 Explanation: 
The small "C" in Tc stands for "cytotoxic".
Question 15
Which cell type of the myeloid lineage differentiates into a large phagocyte?
A
Mast cell
B
Neutrophil
C
Monocyte
D
Macrophage
E
Platelet
Question 15 Explanation: 
The myeloid lineage contains monocytes which are "sentinel" cells finding infection before migrating to its direct site and becoming a macrophage (large, eating cell) to digest the baddie.
Question 16
Which specific leukocytosis would you expect in testing a patient for a latex allergy?
A
Neutrophilic
B
Eosinophilic
C
Lymphocytic
D
Neutropenic
E
Basophilic
Question 16 Explanation: 
Basophils and mast cells are characteristically upregulated in certain allergic reaction types.
Question 17
Which is an example of innate, humeral immunity?
A
Acute phase protein
B
NK cell
C
Phagocyte cells
D
Granulocytes
E
Platelets
Question 18
Which is an example of adaptive, cellular immunity?
A
Neutrophil
B
Macrophage
C
Dendritic cell
D
Complement cascade
E
Tc cell
Question 19
NK cells are involved in which arm of the immune response?
A
Innate
B
Adaptive
C
Major constituents of both innate and adaptive
D
Neither innate or adaptive
Question 19 Explanation: 
Classically, NK cells have a preponderance of their role in the innate response - though they will obviously not give up the fight in the adaptive response. As in all things, the truth resists simplicity.
Question 20
Tc lymphocytes are involved in which arm of the immune response?
A
Innate cellular
B
Innate humeral
C
Adaptive humeral
D
Adaptive cellular
E
None of the above
Question 21
The complement cascade is involved in which arm of the immune response?
A
Innate humeral
B
Innate cellular
C
Adaptive humeral
D
Adaptive cellular
E
None of the above
Question 21 Explanation: 
Acute phase protein and complement cascade reactions are the remits of the major innate immune response humeral arms.
Question 22
Which major organ synthesises a key amount of acute phase proteins?
A
Spleen
B
Caecum
C
Kidney
D
Liver
E
Pancreas
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