Welcome to MedGuide’s premedical series of content.  Here you will find a collection of videos and MCQs. Make your own notes, at your own pace, with the videos and then have a crack at the questions – don’t worry, all questions are answerable from the video content.  Best of luck! 

  1. Define the concept of bone articulation 
  2. Outlnie the anatomy of the sternum 
  3. Outline some fundamental clinical correlates of the humerus regions 
  4. Discuss the relaationship of the elbow joint, radius, ulnar bones 
  5. Discuss the upper and lower limb arrangement in the anatomical position 
  6. Outline the vertebral number in each region posteriorly 
  7. Outline the relationship of sternum to heart chambers 
  8. Define the classification of ribs as true, false and floating 
  9. Outline the anatomy of the bony pelvis including key prominences and foramen 

PreMed Part II

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Question 1
Which of the following best defines the term "articulation"?
A
The structural similarities of two bones
B
The physiological similarities of each bone
C
A reference to glomerular filtration rate
D
The dominance of the cerebral cortex for speech
E
The apposition of two bony structures
Question 1 Explanation: 
Articulation is used in anatomy to refer to the union of two structures that are attached to each other. The articulation of the head of the femur with the acetabulum of the hip bone, for instance, is an articulation.
Question 2
The superior arcade of teeth lodge into which bone?
A
Maxilla
B
Mandible
C
Zygomatic
D
Temporal
E
Vomer
Question 2 Explanation: 
The maxilla is the upper arcade's home. The lower arcade are attached to the mandible, aka the moveable jaw.
Question 3
The sagittal suture divides which two bones?
A
Parietal
B
Occipital
C
Frontal
D
Temporal
E
Zygomatic
Question 3 Explanation: 
Parietal bones, bilaterally are attached to one another at the sagittal suture - see a superior view of the skull to refresh this concept.
Question 4
The inferior-most portion of the sternum is termed the ...
A
Xiphosternal joint
B
Sternal body
C
Manubrium
D
Xiphoid process
E
Costal cartilage
Question 4 Explanation: 
The sternum is formed (from superior to inferior) of the manubrium, sternal body and xiphoid process respectively
Question 5
The acromioclavicular joint lies where in relation to the fourth rib?
A
Inferior
B
Purely lateral
C
Purely medial
D
Purely superficial
E
Superior
Question 5 Explanation: 
The ACJ (acromioclavicular joint) is formed of a prominence of the scapula and the lateral-most clavicle.
Question 6
The head of the humerus articulates with ...
A
The clavicle
B
The radius
C
The ulnar
D
The ribs
E
The scapula
Question 7
The most likely portion of the humerus to be fractured is ...
A
The head of the humerus
B
The shaft of the humerus
C
The anatomical neck of the humerus
D
The surgical neck of the humerus
E
The medial epicondyle
Question 7 Explanation: 
You will learn later that a major artery and nerve set run about the surgical neck of the humerus. Thus when you see this common sign on X-ray of the upper limb, you should carry out sensory and motor testing of the regions that neurovasculature supplies.
Question 8
In the anatomical position, which of the following is correct?
A
The scapula is anterior to the clavicle
B
The pelvis is superior to the L4 vertebra
C
The femur contains two necks
D
The radius lies lateral to the ulna
E
The carpal bones are distal to the metacarpal bones
Question 9
The scaphoid is an example of ...
A
A bone of the lower limb
B
A renal structure
C
A metacarpal
D
A carpal bone
E
A tarsal bone
Question 9 Explanation: 
At this stage in the PreMed course, knowledge of the eight carpal bones is not necessary. We have given one, the scaphoid.
Question 10
How many vertebra are present in the cervical (neck) region?
A
12
B
5
C
7
D
11
E
4
Question 10 Explanation: 
C7, T12, L5, S5, Co1
Question 11
Examine the image below ...
Which arrow is pointing to the posterior-most portion of the vertebra?
A
Red
B
Green
C
Blue
D
Pink
Question 11 Explanation: 
The spinous process represents the posterior-most portion of the vertebral column. See in the video as we point to the pointy "nose-like" things that protect the posterior spinal cord from penetrating injury - such as a knife attack.
Question 12
Of the previous image, which arrow is pointing to the portion most responsible for load-bearing?
A
Red
B
Green
C
Blue
D
Pink
Question 12 Explanation: 
The vertebral body transmits the bulk of weight and force through the vertebral column and thus grows in size as we descend the vertebra.
Question 13
The portion of the heart immediately deep to the sternal body is ...
A
The left atrium
B
The aortic arch
C
The right atrium
D
The left ventricle
E
The right ventricle
Question 14
Which of the numbered ribs below are said to be "floating ribs"?
A
1
B
10
C
5
D
11
E
7
Question 14 Explanation: 
Ribs 11 and 12 are floating - in that they are not articulating with the sternum either directly or indirectly (via costal margin)
Question 15
Balloting is used in general examination to assess which organ?
A
Liver
B
Spleen
C
Kidney
D
Pancreas
E
Stomach
Question 16
A patient is asked to inhale fully as the physician applies postero-superior pressure at their right costal margin.  Which organ are they assessing enlargement of?
A
Spleen
B
Liver
C
Pancreas
D
Lung
E
Heart
Question 16 Explanation: 
This movement is used to assess enlargement of the liver (eg in cirrhosis of the liver for a chronic alcoholic patient)
Question 17
Take a look at the image below ...
Which of the listed options below do not articulate at this point?
A
Sacrum
B
Ilium
C
Ischium
D
Pubis
Question 17 Explanation: 
The arrow is pointing to the acetabulum formed of the three bones fo the hip articulating together: the ilium, ischium and pubic bones.
Question 18
Take a look at the image below ...

Line drawing of woman doing side raise shoulder exercise with hand weights. SOURCE: Original art. Used in 13B12020, 2C5749, 90675, 90649.

What is the name of the opposite movement shown?
A
Medial rotation
B
Flexion
C
External rotation
D
Adduction
E
Circumduction
Question 19
An anaesthetist asks you to locate L4 for surgical preparation.  Which structure can you use to help you in this?
A
ASIS
B
PSIS
C
Iliac crest
D
Greater sciatic foramen
E
L3 vertebral body
Question 19 Explanation: 
Always remember that surface anatomy is vital - it will be assessed quite roguery in OSCEs throughout your time at medical school. And most doctors are NOT surgeons. Thus their actual use of anatomy is from the surface and imaging only. Make sure you know the key bony landmarks for major structures.
Question 20
What is a foramen?
A
A type of artery
B
A bone
C
An aperture
D
A promontory
Question 21
Take a look at the image below ...
What is the structure with the green pin?
A
The intertrochanteric crest
B
The intercondylar eminence
C
The head of the tibia
D
The greater trochanter
E
The greater tubercle
Question 22
The blue pin of the previous image articulates with ..
A
The sacrum
B
The femur
C
The tibia
D
The acetabulum
E
The scapula
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