😀 EASY

MedGuide presents, in collaboration with Warwick Surgical Society, a short introductory MCQ on the autonomic nervous system for preclinical medical students.  Best of luck!

Reviewed by Nick Lowe and Jonathan Loomes-Vrdoljak on 19th October 2019

  • Describe the anatomic and functional divisions of the nervous system

  • Describe pre/postganglionic neurons and associated autonomic ganglia

  • Compare the anatomy of the autonomic nervous system

  • Discuss the ANS Neurotransmittors and Receptors 

  • Outline the differing influence of the ANS on similar target regions 

  • Outline relevant autonomic dysregulation correlates

An Introduction to the Autonomic Nervous System with Warwick Surgical Society (WSS)

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Question 1
Which of the following are "anatomical" division(s) of the nervous system?
A
Central nervous system
B
Somatic nervous system
C
Autonomic nervous system
D
Peripheral nervous system
E
Parasympathetic nervous system
Question 1 Explanation: 
The CNS and PNS are anatomic divisions, with the somatic and autonomic (further subdivided into the sympathetic and parasympathetic) making up the functional divide.
Question 2
The medulla oblongata is a constituent of the brainstem.  This makes it a member of the
A
Central nervous system
B
Peripheral nervous system
C
Neither
D
Both
Question 2 Explanation: 
The brain (including brainstem) and spinal cord form the CNS. Everything else that is nervous tissue is the PNS.
Question 3
If you are consciously aware of incoming sensory input, this is usually handled by the
A
Somatic nervous system
B
Autonomic nervous system
C
Parasympathetic nervous system
D
None of the above
E
All of the above
Question 3 Explanation: 
Whilst there are some interoceptive elements we can sense, the bulk of all conscious knowledge comes from the somatic nervous system.
Question 4
Which of the following is not the remit of the somatic nervous system?
A
Pain
B
Temperature
C
GI motility
D
Vibration
E
Touch
Question 5
Which of the below is not the remit of the ANS?
A
Heart rate control
B
Respiratory rate control
C
Gut contractility
D
Vasomotor regulation
E
Auditory processing
Question 6
How many neurons are present in the effector (post CNS) arm of the parasympathetic nervous system?
A
0
B
1
C
2
D
3
E
4
Question 7
The paravertebral chain is also called the
A
Prevertebral chain
B
Collateral vertebral chain
C
Postaortic chain
D
Preaortic chain
E
Sympathetic chain
Question 8
When a preganglionic sympathetic neuron approaches the sympathetic chain, which of the following is not an option for it?
A
Circumvention
B
Piercing without synapsing
C
Synapsing at its level
D
Entering and descending before synapsing
E
Entering and rising before synapsing
Question 9
Thoracolumbar flow is an anatomical term for the
A
Somatic nervous system
B
Cranial nerves
C
Entire peripheral nervous system
D
Sympathetic nervous system
E
Parasympathetic nervous system
Question 10
Which of the following is a root value level of the parasympathetic nervous system?
A
Brainstem
B
Cervical
C
Thoracic
D
Lumbar
E
Coccygeal
Question 11
Nicotinic cholinergic (for ACh) receptors are found at all of the following except ...
A
Sympathetic chain ganglia
B
Collateral ganglia of the parasympathetic nervous system
C
Interface between the postganglionic parasympathetic neuron and its target
D
Interface between the postganglionic sympathetic neuron and its target
E
None of the above
Question 11 Explanation: 
This contains the adrenoceptors for noradrenaline
Question 12
A patient presenting with fixed, dilated pupils as a result of autonomic dysregulation would be caused by which of the following scenarios?
A
Unopposed parasympathetic nervous system input
B
Unopposed sympathetic nervous system input
C
Unopposed somatic nervous system input
D
Lesions to the first four cranial nerves
E
None of the above
Question 12 Explanation: 
SNS dilates pupils, PaNS constricts. Thus, if the former is unopposed, we have fixed, dilated pupils that cannot be antagonised.
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