Review, and challenge, are an important part of learning. This quiz is part of a set that will span the abdominal physiology and anatomy to challenge your synoptic linking ability. Good luck! 

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Gastrointestinal Physiology Review MCQ - Part 7

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Question 1
Distention of which mural structure causes occlusion of the ileocaecal valve?
A
Jejunum
B
Ascending colon
C
Ileum
D
Duodenum
E
Caecum
Question 1 Explanation: 
Mural is a commonly used term in histology to describe the wall of something - an example being that Crohn's can be distinguished from ulcerative colitis by the former having transmural inflammatory signs verses just mucosal changes in UC.
Question 2
For 150g of stored faeces, how much is water?
A
110g
B
120g
C
100g
D
90g
E
80g
Question 3
Chyme undergoes propulsion and retropulsion in the large bowel. This is termed?
A
Haustrulation
B
Sacculation
C
Peristalsis
D
Mass migratory movement
E
Migrating motor complex
Question 4
Chyme undergoes propulsion and retropulsion in the large bowel. What is the purpose of this process?
A
Absorption of water
B
Absorption of glucose
C
Absorption of bile acid
D
Absorption of lecithin
E
Absorption of cobalamin
Question 5
Propulsive movement occurs on a large-order scale multiple times a day in the large intestine.  In this circumstance, what is the initial trigger?
A
CCK
B
Secretin
C
Motilin
D
Active mechanoreception stimulation of the gastric mucosa
E
Duodenal content peristalsis
Question 6
What is the initial response of the external anal sphincter to the defecation reflex?
A
Dilation
B
Contraction
C
Relaxation
D
There is no initial change
E
Involvement in the peristaltic wave
Question 7
A patient is recovering from a stroke that has damaged descending fibres involved in the conscious regulation of defecation.  What reflex has the patient lost?
A
Closing of the internal anal sphincter
B
Closure of the external anal sphincter
C
Opening of the internal anal sphincter
D
Reverse peristalsis
E
Inhibition of the anal canal's smooth muscle cellular contraction
Question 8
The majority of cell type in the colonic mucosa is
A
Cuboidal
B
Columnar
C
Squamous
D
Transitional
E
Stratified cuboid
Question 9
The chloride shift within the large intestine occurs
A
Across the apical border into the cell
B
Across the apical border out of the cell
C
Across the basolateral border into the cell
D
Across the basolateral border out of the cell
E
There is no chloride shift in the large intestine
Question 10
Ceftriaxone risks death of microbiota in the large intestine more than other regions because
A
Ceftriaxone is more efficacious in this region
B
The drug is actively transported from the enterocyte
C
There are preferential complementary receptors for ceftriaxone macromolecule in the ascending and transverse colon
D
The large intestine has a higher pH than the more proximate bowel
E
The large intestine contains more substrate for facultative anaerobic bacteria
Question 10 Explanation: 
The large bowel is less acidic than other regions of the intestine. This means that they are a more hospitable environment for gut bacteria. This means, consequently, that antibiotic damage to microbiota is more likely to occur where the vast majority of the bacteria are - the large intestine.
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