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This quiz contains questions about the anatomy and physiology of the gluteal region, hip and thigh. Good luck!

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Gluteal anatomy

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Question 1
A 24 year old man presents with Trendelenburg sign (with the right side dropping lower than the left) and a waddling gait. Which of the following nerves is most likely damaged?
A
Right superior gluteal nerve
B
Left inferior gluteal nerve
C
Left superior gluteal nerve
D
Right inferior gluteal nerve
E
Left lateral gluteal nerve
Question 2
A patient has damaged their right inferior gluteal nerve. Which muscle will be damaged and what examination findings will be present?
A
Right gluteus minimus --> Waddling gait & difficulty going from standing to sitting
B
Left gluteus medius --> Trendelenburg sign & standing upright on the left leg
C
Right gluteus maximus --> Lurching gait when weight-bearing on the right side & difficulty getting out of a chair
D
Left gluteus minimus --> Waddling gait & difficulty going from standing to sitting
E
Left gluteus maximus --> Lurching gait when weight-bearing on the left side & difficulty getting out of a chair
Question 3
An 85 year old woman presents following a fall. She has a past medical history of osteoporosis. On examination, palpation of the left greater trochanter elicitsĀ  her pain. What is the most likely cause?
A
Pelvic fracture
B
Anterior hip dislocation
C
Neck of femur fracture
D
Posterior hip dislocation
E
Dislocation of the pubic symphysis
Question 4
What might be found on an x-ray of the patient in the previous question?
A
Displacement of pubic symphysis
B
Disruption of Shenton's line
C
Fracture of the coccyx
D
Disruption of Fenton's line
E
Displacement of the femoral head
Question 5
What is a potential complication of the injury sustained by the patient in the previous question?
A
Permanent external rotation of the hip
B
Vascular necrosis of the femoral head
C
Disruption of blood supply to the feet
D
Permanent pins and needles in the gluteal region
E
Loss of ability to flex the knee in the affected leg
Question 6
How would you find the 'safe zone' for intramuscular injections into the gluteal region?
A
1. Vertical line through the highest point of the iliac crest 2. Horizontal line midway between the ischial tuberosity and the highest point of the iliac crest
B
1. Vertical line through the lowest point of the iliac crest 2. Horizontal line midway between the ischial tuberosity and the lowest point of the iliac crest
C
1. Vertical line through the highest point of the iliac crest 2. Line from ASIS to the greater trochanter
D
1. Vertical line through the highest point of the iliac crest 2. Line from PSIS to the greater trochanter
E
1. Vertical line through the lowest point of the iliac crest 2. Line from PSIS to the lesser trochanter
Question 7
Which nerve is at risk from an incorrectly performed intramuscular injection in the gluteal region?
A
Femoral
B
Obturator
C
Sciatic
D
Lumbosacral
E
Pudendal
Question 8
A patient has paralysis of their femoral nerve. Which compartment of the thigh does this affect? Which movements will therefore be affected/impaired?
A
Posterior compartment Hip flexion and knee extension
B
Posterior compartment Hip extension and knee flexion
C
Medial compartment Hip adduction
D
Anterior compartment Hip flexion and knee extension
E
Anterior compartment Hip extension and knee flexion
Question 9
A patient presents with knock knees. What is the likely deformity?
A
No deformity
B
Coxa vara of the femur
C
Coxa valga
D
Genu valgum
E
Genu varum
Question 10
Which of the following is not true of a compartment?
A
They often contain muscles that have the same function
B
They are a sealed compartment
C
The often have a major blood supply
D
They are often innervated by one nerve
E
They often contain muscles with opposing functions
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