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This is a quiz about bone abnormalities. Enjoy!

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Bone Abnormalities

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Question 1
Name three blood tests commonly used to assess bone structure.
A
Alkaline phosphatase, calcium, phosphate
B
Alanine phosphatase, calcium, phosphate
C
Alanine phosphatase, calcium, potassium
D
Alkaline phosphatase, calcium, potassium
E
Gamma GT, Alkaline phosphatase, calcium
Question 2
What is osteoporosis?
A
A complex skeletal disease characterised by low bone density and micro-archeitectural defects in bone tissue, resulting in reduced bone fragility.
B
A complex skeletal disease characterised by increased bone density , resulting in increased bone stability.
C
A complex skeletal disease characterised by low bone density and micro-archeitectural defects in bone tissue, resulting in increased bone fragility and susceptibility to fracture.
D
A complex muscular disease characterised by low muscle density and micro-archeitectural defects in muscle tissue, resulting in increased susceptibility to rupture.
E
A complex skeletal disease characterised by low bone density and macro-archeitectural defects in bone tissue, resulting in increased bone fragility and susceptibility to fracture.
Question 3
Which of the following is not a mechanism through which ageing increases the risk of osteoporosis?
A
Decreased replicative activity of osteoprogenitor cells
B
Increased osteoclast activity
C
Reduced physical activity
D
Decreased synthetic activity of osteoblasts
E
Decreased biologic activity of matrix bound growth factors
Question 4
Which of the following is not a risk factor for osteoporosis?
A
Old age
B
Post-menopausal
C
Family history
D
High oestrogen levels
E
Immobility
Question 5
An 85 year old lady presents post DEXA scan to discuss the findings. Her T score is -2. What is the diagnosis?
A
Paget's disease of the bone
B
Osteopenia
C
Bone cancer
D
Osteomalacia
E
Osteoporosis
Question 6
Which of the following is not used to treat osteoporosis?
A
Antifolate antiproliferative
B
Bisphosphonates
C
SERMs
D
Denosumab
E
Parathyroid hormone
Question 7
What is the action of bisphosphonates?
A
Inhibits osteoblast formation
B
Inhibits osteoclast formation, function and survival
C
Promotes bone production
D
Slows the rate of bone remodelling
E
Mixed antagonist/agonist function – tissue specific
Question 8
Which part of the bone does defective mineralisation occur in rickets?
A
Trabecular bone
B
Diaphysis
C
Metaphysis
D
Osteoid
E
Growth plate
Question 9
What treatment can be used for osteomalacia?
A
Folate supplements
B
Oestrogen
C
Calcium and Vitamin D supplements
D
Vitamin B and Vitamin D supplements
E
Methotrexate
Question 10
What is Paget's disease of the Bone?
A
Increased bone turnover leading to overgrowth, bowing, pain, fractures and deformity
B
Decreased bone turnover leading to overgrowth, bowing, pain, fractures and deformity
C
Bone degeneration by inflammatory markers
D
Loss of type 1 collagen by autoimmune responses
E
Reduced trabecular bone formation leading to reduced osteoblast formation
Question 11
Which sign is characteristic of osteogenesis imperfecta?
A
Blue tinge of tongue
B
Pale conjunctiva
C
Loss of eyelashes
D
Blue sclera
E
Yellow sclera
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