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Awaiting review

• Reticular formation: anatomy and physiology
• Limbic system: anatomy and physiology
• Discreet, yet postulated, functionality of the limbic system constituents
• Hippocampal formation: anatomy and physiology
• Afferent and efferent fibres for the limbic system

NUNC5

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Question 1
The relation of the reticular formation to the upper motor neurons in the medulla oblongata are
A
Anterior
B
Posterior
C
Superior
D
Inferior
E
Medial
Question 2
The raphe reticular formation forms
A
The lateral columns
B
The superior columns
C
The medial columns
D
The median columns
E
None of the above
Question 3
The majority of cerebrospinal projections from the reticular formation derive from
A
Those parallel to the sagittal plane
B
Those parallel to the coronal plane
C
The medial longitudinal column
D
The lateral longitudinal column
E
Those parallel to the axial plane
Question 4
Tonic flexor inhibition is the remit of which portion of the tract?
A
Reticulofugal
B
Reticulodentate
C
Reticulospinal
D
Reticulotectal
E
Reticlothalamic
Question 5
The reticulothalamic system utilises monoamines toward which of the following?
A
Sustaining consciousness
B
Sustaining alertness
C
Sustaining vigilance
D
Sustaining satiety
E
Sustaining none of the above
Question 6
Which portion of the reticular formation, that projects reticulocortical fibres, lies near the floor of the fourth ventricle?
A
Locus ceruleus
B
Nucleus raphe magnus
C
Nucleus Basilis of Meynert
D
Ventral tegmental area
E
Substantia nigra pars compacta
Question 7
The connection between ventral tegmental area and which structure is associated with hallucinations, delusions and disordered speech?
A
Nucleus ambiguus
B
Nucleus of the solitary tract
C
Nucleus accumbens
D
Orbitofrontal cortex
E
Cingulate gyrus
Question 8
A patient on high-potency haloperidol (typical anti-psychotic) presents with a shuffling gait, decreased mobilisation and a face that appears flat of affect.
Which of the following projection systems from the reticular formation is best implicated int the presentation?
A
Substantia nigra pars reticularis to caudate
B
Substantia nigra pars compacta to neostriatum
C
Ventral tegmental area to nucleus accumbens
D
Ventral tegmental area to frontal cortex
E
Tuberal arcuate nucleus to neurohypophysis
Question 9
The overall arousal level of the patient is predominately maintained by which overarching region of the reticular formation?
A
Serotonergic
B
Cholinergic
C
Dopaminergic
D
Histaminergic
E
GABAergic
Question 10
The 24-hourly process of circadian rhythm is associated with rostral-most connections of the reticular formation and which structure?
A
Lentiform nucleus
B
Nucleus accumbens
C
Supraoptic nucleus
D
Nucleus basilis Meynert
E
Locus coeruleus
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