Peer reviewed by Jonathan Loomes-Vrdoljak on 5 August 2019
Intro to the Kidney MCQ
Question 1 |
What type of cell is present in the thick ascending loop of Henle?
Simple squamous | |
Simple cuboidal | |
Ciliated simple cuboidal | |
Simple columnar |
Question 2 |
Which is not one of the four ways a substance is handled by the kidney?
Filtered | |
Filtered and partially reabsorbed | |
Filtered and completely reabsorbed | |
None of the above
|
Question 3 |
What would be the most likely long-term consequence of chronic kidney disease?
Anaemia of chronic disease | |
Liver cirrosis | |
Portal hypertension | |
Cancer |
Question 4 |
What are the main ions contributing to the concentration gradient in extracellular fluid?
Calcium and bicarbonate | |
Potassium, phosphate and inorganic anions | |
Sodium and potassium | |
Sodium and chloride |
Question 5 |
How would the basement membrane of the glomerular filtration barrier prevent the passage of albumin?
By repulsion of albumin’s positive charge | |
By having fenestrations smaller than the size of albumin | |
By having fenestrations of different shape to albumin | |
By repulsion of albumin’s negative charge
|
Question 6 |
A decrease in blood flow to an interlobular artery could result from stenosis of which artery?
Arcuate artery | |
Afferent arteriole | |
Efferent arteriole | |
Vasa recta |
Question 7 |
What property of the epithelium in the proximal convoluted tubule is related to its function?
The thin layer of the simple squamous epithelium allows important molecules to diffuse more easily | |
The brush border of cuboidal epithelium maximises the surface area for absorption of molecules | |
The columnar epithelium ensure quick active transport of a high concentration of important molecules across the membrane | |
The stratified squamous epithelium helps to resist the wear and tear of high volume filtrate entering the PCT
|
Question 8 |
A patient has nephrogenic diabetes insipidus. Which part of the uriniferous tubule is most likely to be affected?
Proximal convoluted tubule | |
Collecting duct | |
Thick ascending loop of Henle | |
Thick descending loop of Henle |
Question 9 |
Inulin is one of the most accurate measures of urinary excretion rate, why is this?
It is filtered and partially reabsorbed so it accurately reflects what happens to substances in the filtrate | |
It is filtered only, so its concentration in the urine is proportionate to the amount in the blood | |
It is filtered and secreted, accurately representing how the kidney processes multiple substances as a whole | |
It is filtered and completely reabsorbed, reflecting how glucose is handled by the kidney |
Question 10 |
Which of the following is not produced by the kidney?
EPO | |
1-alpha hydroxylase | |
Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) | |
Renin |